Types of LPWAN IoT devices

　　LPWAN IoT devices come in various shapes and sizes. This includes LoRa, Zigbee, Sigfox, Nwave, LTE-M, and NB IoT, among others. However, LoRa, NB IoT, LTE-M, and Sigfox account for over 96% of global LPWAN device installations. Typically, LPWANs can operate on licensed or unlicensed frequencies, including proprietary or open standard options.

　　LoRa

　　Unauthorized LoRa, provided by the LoRa Alliance with moderate range, uses low power, and offers affordable connectivity for users. It is designed specifically for battery powered devices, promoting interoperability between various IoT devices without the need for complex installation. Due to its ability to transmit on multiple frequencies up to several gigahertz, LoRa is less susceptible to communication interference. As one of the most promising networks, it is expected that LoRa and NB IoT will gain approximately 85% of the network share by 2025.

　　NB - Internet of Things

　　Narrowband Internet of Things (NB IoT) performs similarly to other technical standards and can operate on existing cellular IoT (LTE and GSM) infrastructure. By utilizing the cost and energy efficiency of LTE-M, NB IoT can easily connect up to 50000 IoT devices in each NB IoT cell. It also supports many new connections that only use a portion of its available spectrum. This helps to minimize power consumption and extend the battery life of IoT devices to over 10 years.

　　LTE-M

　　This LTE-M is a typical LPWAN level released by the 3GPP standard organization. As one of the first generation cellular technologies, LTE-M utilizes existing LTE networks to ensure efficient network connectivity indoors and underground. It provides much higher bandwidth than NB IoT. With LTE-M technology, multiple modules and variants will no longer be required. It provides latency and speed comparable to 3G networks.

　　Sigfox

　　As a widely accepted unlicensed LPWAN technology, Sigfox operates on public network infrastructure and only allows one network operator per country. Due to its packet size limit of 150 12 byte messages per day, it can achieve communication over 30-50 kilometers in remote areas, 3-10 kilometers in urban environments, and approximately 1000 kilometers in field applications.

Read recommendations:

rfci isolator

coaxial termination

baw and saw filters

18 dbi omni directional antenna.Selection of types of flow meters

What is the RF sensor structure of communication relays